Which Western influences are evident in Filipino culture due to colonization?

The correct answer highlights the significant impact of the United States and Spain on Filipino culture, a result of historical colonization. The Spanish colonization of the Philippines, which began in the 16th century and lasted for more than 300 years, introduced many facets of Western culture, including religion (particularly Roman Catholicism), language, and various cultural traditions.

Following Spain, the Philippines was ceded to the United States in 1898, marking the beginning of American influence. This period introduced elements such as the English language, educational systems, and aspects of American governance and lifestyle. The blend of these two influences—Spanish and American—has profoundly shaped contemporary Filipino identity, resulting in a unique cultural landscape that reflects both historical contexts.

The other options do not account for the significant roles that the US and Spain have played in shaping Filipino culture through their colonization, thus making the selection of the United States and Spain the most accurate choice regarding Western influences in the Philippines.